Apoptotic endocrinal toxic effects of perchlorate in human placental cells

Mona M Ali; Sarah A Khater; Amel Ahmed Fayed; Dina Sabry; Samah F Ibrahim

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.002

Apoptotic endocrinal toxic effects of perchlorate in human placental cells

Toxicol Rep. 2021 Apr 17:8:863-870. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.002. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Mona M Ali^{1

2}, Sarah A Khater³, Amel Ahmed Fayed⁴, Dina Sabry^{5

6}, Samah F Ibrahim^{1

4}

Affiliations

¹ Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
² Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Taif University, Saudi Arabia.
³ Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology- Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt.
⁴ Clinical Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
⁶ Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Perchlorate is a strong oxidizing agent and has many adverse health effects. This study investigated the potential oxidative, apoptotic, and endocrinal toxic effects of perchlorate in human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HP-MSCs).

Methods: HP-MSCs were treated with two doses of perchlorate (5 and 15 μg/L) for three days. The perchlorate's effects were detected by histopathological examination, aromatase/CYP19 A1 activity, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), and Caspase-3 expression.

Results: The highest perchlorate concentration (15 μg/L) caused significant placental histopathological changes. The placental cell viability was significantly affected by a significant increase in ROS generation; caspase-3 expression, and a significant reduction of CYP 19 activity. Despite the slight induction effect of the lowest perchlorate concentration (5 μg/L) on caspase 3 expression, CYP 19 activity, and ROS generation, it did not affect placental cellular viability.

Conclusion: This study suggested that perchlorate could modulate aromatase activity and placental cytotoxicity. The continuous monitoring of the actual perchlorate exposure is needed and could be cost-effective.

Keywords: CYP 19 activity; Caspase 3 expression; Oxidative stress; Perchlorate; Placental cytotoxicity.