Microbiological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Three Types of "Soumbara" from Seeds of African Locust Bean in Korhogo Markets, Côte d'Ivoire

Ollo Kambire; Konan Mathurin Yao; Andrée Emmanuelle Sika; Aminata Coulibaly; Zamble Bi Irie Abel Boli; Rose Koffi-Nevry

doi:10.1155/2021/5572300

Microbiological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Three Types of "Soumbara" from Seeds of African Locust Bean in Korhogo Markets, Côte d'Ivoire

Int J Food Sci. 2021 Apr 10:2021:5572300. doi: 10.1155/2021/5572300. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Ollo Kambire¹, Konan Mathurin Yao¹, Andrée Emmanuelle Sika², Aminata Coulibaly¹, Zamble Bi Irie Abel Boli², Rose Koffi-Nevry²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
² Department of Food Science and Technology, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

Abstract

"Soumbara" is a fermented product sold in the markets of several West African countries. In the markets, it is sold in several formats (granulated, powder, and paste). The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of these three types of "Soumbara" sold in the Korhogo markets. For this purpose, a preliminary survey followed by a sampling of 54 samples of "Soumbara" was carried out. The microorganism load count was carried out according to microbiological standards. The pH, titratable acidity, and moisture content were measured, respectively, with a pH meter, by dosing with sodium hydroxide solution and by differential weighing after passing the sample through the oven. The pH of the different samples is around 6. The moisture content is higher in "Soumbara" paste (20-24.7%) than in powdered (7.3-9.3%) and granulated (8.6-10.7%) "Soumbara." The acidity rates are between 0.07 and 0.13%, 0.2 and 0.3%, and 0.08 and 0.1%, respectively, for the granulated, powder, and paste types. Mesophilic aerobic germ loads (6.17-8.38 log₁₀ cfu/g) for all three types of "Soumbara" are above the standard. Total coliform (1.13-2.96 log₁₀ cfu/g), mould (0.86-2.52 log₁₀ cfu/g), and yeast (0.33-1.53 log₁₀ cfu/g) loads are below standard. The microbiological quality of the three types of "Soumbara" is unsatisfactory. Overall, "Soumbara" powder is the most contaminated, followed by granulated and paste "Soumbara." "Soumbara" must be added during culinary preparations in order to avoid possible public health problems.