Ingestion of synthetic particles by fin whales feeding off western Iceland in summer

Abstract

In this study we aim to assess the daily ingestion rates of synthetic particles by the fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) that feed off the western coast of Iceland. To do so, we collected and analysed samples from the stomach content of 25 fin whales, consisting solely of northern krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica). The particles found consisted of fibres and fragments, mainly blue, black and red, with an average size of 1.2 ± 1.3 mm. To confirm the synthetic nature of these particles, we used Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and comparison with a polymer library. The mean concentration of synthetic particles in the krill samples found in the stomachs of whales was 0.057 particles per gram, a value much lower than that previously reported for particle uptake by krill. From this concentration in krill, we estimated that the daily intake of synthetic particles for the North Atlantic fin whale would be ranging from 38,646 ± 43,392 to 77,292 ± 86,784 particles per day. Although at this level it is not possible to assess the impact of synthetic particles and their associated chemicals on the North Atlantic fin whale population, concentrations of these contaminants are likely to increase in the future, potentially causing adverse effects on whales and other marine mammals.

Keywords: Balaenoptera physalus; Krill; Meganyctiphanes norvegica; Microplastic; Pollution.