Purpose: Satiety is a crucial factor in the attempt to reduce food intake for long-term body weight loss. Since there is evidence for a negative correlation between cerebral energy levels and food intake, the provision of the primary energy substrate glucose to the brain through oral ingestion of carbohydrates could trigger feelings of satiety. Therefore, we hypothesized that a low-calorie saccharide preload would increase satiety, reduce subsequent food intake, and thereby decrease overall calorie consumption.
Methods: In a randomized single-blind crossover study, 17 healthy young normal-weight men received saccharide (26 kcal in total) or placebo capsules 30 min before a standardized breakfast buffet. We analysed food intake from the test buffet as well as plasma glucose and serum insulin levels.
Results: The saccharide preload reduced food intake from the buffet by 168 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) compared to control. This corresponds to a net reduction in total calorie consumption by 142 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) or 9.3% due to saccharide capsules.
Conclusion: A very low-calorie saccharide preload considerably reduces subsequent food intake leading to decreased overall calorie consumption. A saccharide preload before meals could, therefore, be a promising support for reducing caloric intake.
German clinical trials register: DRKS00010281 (date of registration: 11.04.2016).
Keywords: Blood glucose; Carbohydrate; Energy consumption; Insulin; Preload; Satiety.
© 2021. The Author(s).