Robotic percutaneous coronary intervention (R-PCI) is a novel approach to performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) whereby the operator can utilise remotely controlled technology to manipulate guidewires and catheter devices. This enables the procedure to be undertaken from within a radiation-shielded cockpit. Success in early trials has led to the release of commercially available robotic platforms which have now received regulatory approval and are available for use in clinical practice. Recent trials evaluating R-PCI have demonstrated high technical success rates with low complication rates. Despite this, a significant number of cases, particularly those with complex anatomy, still require at least partial conversion to a manual procedure. Advantages of R-PCI include accurate stent placement, reduced operator radiation exposure and a presumed reduction in orthopedic injuries. Limitations include current incompatibility with certain intravascular imaging catheters and the inability to manipulate multiple guidewires and stents simultaneously. Patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction requiring primary-PCI have also largely been excluded from existing R-PCI studies. Given these caveats, R-PCI remains a novel technology and has yet to become commonplace in cardiac catheterisation laboratories, however with increasing safety and feasibility data emerging, it is possible that R-PCI may form part of standard practice in the future.
Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Interventional cardiology; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Robotic.
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