Comparison of paediatric weight estimation methods at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Rafiuk Cosmos Yakubu; Samuel Blay Nguah; Nedda Ayi-Bisah

doi:10.1016/j.afjem.2021.03.005

Comparison of paediatric weight estimation methods at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Afr J Emerg Med. 2021 Jun;11(2):252-257. doi: 10.1016/j.afjem.2021.03.005. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Authors

Rafiuk Cosmos Yakubu^{1

2}, Samuel Blay Nguah^{1

3}, Nedda Ayi-Bisah^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Child Health, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
² Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale, Ghana.
³ Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kumasi, Ghana.

Abstract

Introduction: Weight estimation in children is critical in paediatric emergencies. The Broselow Tape (BT) and most age-based formulae for weight estimation were derived in high-income countries and are thought to overestimate the weight of children in low-income countries. This study sought to validate the 2017 BT, and eight age-based weight estimation formulae among Ghanaian children and to derive a weight estimation formula using this data.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH) in Ghana. Children aged between 2 months and 13 years had their weights estimated by the 2017 BT and eight age-based formulae. These estimated weights were compared to the weight of the children measured by a calibrated Seca scale using mean percentage error (MPE) and the percentage of weight estimates within 10% and 20% of actual weight. Bland-Altman method was used to assess agreement between estimated and actual weight of the children. A new formula was derived by linear regression.

Results: Seven hundred and seventy-five children took part in the study. The 2017 BT, Original APLS (APLS1) and Nelson's formulae performed best with proportion of weight estimates within 10% of actual weight being 47.5%, 51.1% and 47.5% respectively. The formula developed in this study was: W_E = 3Am / 10 + 5 (for infants <12 months), W_E = 2A + 7 (1 to 4 years) and W_E = 2A + 9 (5 to 13 years), where W_E is estimated weight, A_m is age in completed months and A is age in completed years. The new formula had similar accuracy as the three best performing methods in this study.

Conclusion: The Broselow Tape, APLS1 and the Nelson's formula were the most accurate in this study. APLS1 and the Broselow Tape can be used for weight estimation in Ghanaian children when no other better method is available.

Keywords: Age-based weight estimation formulae; Broselow Tape; Ghana; Paediatric; Weight estimation.