Emerging technologies and commercial products in exosome-based cancer diagnosis and prognosis

Mehdi Mohammadi; Hossein Zargartalebi; Razieh Salahandish; Raied Aburashed; Kar Wey Yong; Amir Sanati-Nezhad

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2021.113176

Emerging technologies and commercial products in exosome-based cancer diagnosis and prognosis

Biosens Bioelectron. 2021 Jul 1:183:113176. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113176. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Authors

Mehdi Mohammadi¹, Hossein Zargartalebi², Razieh Salahandish², Raied Aburashed², Kar Wey Yong³, Amir Sanati-Nezhad⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biological Science, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
² BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
³ BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
⁴ BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada; Center for Bioengineering Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada. Electronic address: amir.sanatinezhad@ucalgary.ca.

PMID: 33845291
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113176

Abstract

Academic and industrial groups worldwide have reported technological advances in exosome-based cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, the potential translation of these emerging technologies for research and clinical settings remains unknown. This work overviews the role of exosomes in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, followed by a survey on emerging exosome technologies, particularly microfluidic advances for the isolation and detection of exosomes in cancer research. The advantages and drawbacks of each of the technologies used for the isolation, detection and engineering of exosomes are evaluated to address their clinical challenges for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, commercial platforms for exosomal detection and analysis are introduced, and their performance and impact on cancer diagnosis and prognosis are assessed. Also, the risks associated with the further development of the next generation of exosome devices are discussed. The outcome of this work could facilitate recognizing deliverable Exo-devices and technologies with unprecedented functionality and predictable manufacturability for the next-generation of cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Keywords: Cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy; Exosomes; Microfluidics; Microvesicles; exosome detection; exosome isolation.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
Exosomes*
Microfluidics
Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Prognosis