Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam (LEV) versus phenytoin (PHT) as second-line drugs for the treatment of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children.
Methods: English and Chinese electronic databases were searched for the randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy and safety of LEV and PHT as second-line drugs for the treatment of childhood CSE. RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis.
Results: Seven studies with 1 434 children were included. The Meta analysis showed that compared with the PHT group, the LEV group achieved a significantly higher control rate of CSE (RR=1.12, 95%CI:1.00-1.24, P=0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the recurrence rate of epilepsy within 24 hours (RR=0.82, 95%CI:0.22-3.11, P=0.77) and the rate of further antiepileptic drug therapy (RR=0.97, 95%CI:0.64-1.45, P=0.87). There was no significant difference in the incidence rate of adverse events between the two groups (RR=0.77, 95%CI:0.55-1.09, P=0.15).
Conclusions: LEV has a better clinical effect than PHT in the treatment of children with CSE and does not increase the incidence rate of adverse events.
目的: 系统评价左乙拉西坦（LEV）和苯妥英（PHT）作为二线用药治疗儿童惊厥性癫痫持续状态（CSE）的有效性及安全性。
方法: 检索中英文电子数据库，纳入对比LEV和PHT作为二线用药治疗儿童CSE的有效性及安全性的随机对照试验。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行数据分析。
结果: 纳入7个研究，共1 434名患儿。Meta分析结果显示，LEV组CSE的控制率高于PHT组（RR=1.12，95% CI：1.00~1.24，P=0.05）；24 h内癫痫复发率（RR=0.82，95% CI：0.22~3.11，P=0.77）和需要进一步抗癫痫药物治疗率（RR=0.97，95% CI：0.64~1.45，P=0.87）两组比较差异无统计学意义。两组不良事件发生率差异无统计学意义（RR=0.77，95% CI：0.55~1.09，P=0.15）。
结论: LEV治疗儿童CSE的有效性优于PHT，且不增加不良反应的发生率。