Appropriate embedding transformation of sentences can aid in downstream tasks such as NLP and emotion and behavior analysis. Such efforts evolved from word vectors which were trained in an unsupervised manner using large-scale corpora. Recent research, however, has shown that sentence embeddings trained using in-domain data or supervised techniques, often through multitask learning, perform better than unsupervised ones. Representations have also been shown to be applicable in multiple tasks, especially when training incorporates multiple information sources. In this work we aspire to combine the simplicity of using abundant unsupervised data with transfer learning by introducing an online multitask objective. We present a multitask paradigm for unsupervised learning of sentence embeddings which simultaneously addresses domain adaption. We show that embeddings generated through this process increase performance in subsequent domain-relevant tasks. We evaluate on the affective tasks of emotion recognition and behavior analysis and compare our results with state-of-the-art general-purpose supervised sentence embeddings. Our unsupervised sentence embeddings outperform the alternative universal embeddings in both identifying behaviors within couples therapy and in emotion recognition.
Keywords: Behavior analysis; Couples therapy; Emotion recognition; Emotional embeddings; Multi-task learning; Sentence embeddings; Unsupervised learning.
©2019 Tseng et al.