Increased Risk of Traumatic Injuries Among Parents of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Dian-Jeng Li; Yi-Lung Chen; Ying-Yeh Chen; Ray C Hsiao; Wei-Hsin Lu; Cheng-Fang Yen

doi:10.3390/ijerph18073586

Increased Risk of Traumatic Injuries Among Parents of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 30;18(7):3586. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073586.

Authors

Dian-Jeng Li^{1

2

3}, Yi-Lung Chen^{4

5}, Ying-Yeh Chen^{6

7}, Ray C Hsiao^{8

9}, Wei-Hsin Lu¹⁰, Cheng-Fang Yen^{3

11}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80276, Taiwan.
² Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91200, Taiwan.
³ Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
⁶ Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City 107, Taiwan.
⁷ Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan.
⁸ Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City 60002, Taiwan.
¹¹ Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.

Abstract

Children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are vulnerable to traumatic injuries. Parents of children with ADHD experience undesirable impacts more frequently than parents of children without ADHD. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether traumatic injuries are more prevalent in parents of children with ADHD than in parents of children without ADHD. We compared the prevalence of traumatic injuries between parents of children with and without ADHD by using data from the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database from 2004 to 2017. The Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to examine differences in burn injury, fracture, and traumatic brain injury between parents of children with and without ADHD after adjustment for age, urbanicity, and income level. In total, 81,401 fathers and 87,549 mothers who had at least one offspring with ADHD and 1,646,100 fathers and 1,730,941 mothers with no offspring with ADHD were included in the analysis. The results indicated that both fathers and mothers of children with ADHD had higher risks of burn injury, fracture, and traumatic brain injury than fathers and mothers of children without ADHD. Mothers of children with ADHD had higher risks for all kinds of traumatic events than fathers of children with ADHD.

Keywords: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; children; parents; traumatic injuries.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity* / epidemiology
Brain Injuries, Traumatic* / epidemiology
Child
Fathers
Female
Humans
Male
Mothers
Taiwan / epidemiology