Neuroinflammation and Hypothalamo-Pituitary Dysfunction: Focus of Traumatic Brain Injury

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 7;22(5):2686. doi: 10.3390/ijms22052686.

Abstract

The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased over the last years with an important impact on public health. Many preclinical and clinical studies identified multiple and heterogeneous TBI-related pathophysiological mechanisms that are responsible for functional, cognitive, and behavioral alterations. Recent evidence has suggested that post-TBI neuroinflammation is responsible for several long-term clinical consequences, including hypopituitarism. This review aims to summarize current evidence on TBI-induced neuroinflammation and its potential role in determining hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunctions.

Keywords: hypopituitarism; neuroinflammation; traumatic brain injury.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood-Brain Barrier / physiopathology
  • Brain Injuries, Traumatic / complications
  • Brain Injuries, Traumatic / physiopathology*
  • Brain Injuries, Traumatic / rehabilitation*
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamic Diseases / etiology*
  • Hypothalamic Diseases / physiopathology
  • Inflammasomes / metabolism
  • Inflammation / etiology
  • Neurons / pathology
  • Pituitary Diseases / etiology*
  • Pituitary Diseases / physiopathology

Substances

  • Inflammasomes