Early management of meconium ileus in infants with cystic fibrosis: A prospective population cohort study

J Pediatr Surg. 2021 Aug;56(8):1287-1292. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.047. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Abstract

Background: Contemporary early outcome data of meconium Ileus (MI) in cystic fibrosis (CF) are lacking on a population level. We describe these and explore factors associated with successful non-operative management.

Methods: A prospective population-cohort study using an established surveillance system (BAPS-CASS) was conducted October 2012-September 2014. Live-born infants with bowel-obstruction from inspissated meconium in the terminal ileum and CF were reported. Data are described as median (interquartile range, IQR).

Results: 56 infants were identified. 14/56(25%) had primary laparotomy (13/23 complicated MI, 1/33 simple), the remainder underwent contrast enema. Twelve, (12/33 (36%) with simple MI) achieved decompression. 8/12 (67%) who decompressed had >1 enema vs 3/20 (15%) with simple MI who had laparotomy after enema. The number of enemas per infant (1-4), contrast agents and their concentration, were highly variable. Enterostomy was formed at 24/44(55%) of laparotomies. In infants with simple MI, time to full enteral feeds was 6 (2-10) days in those decompressing with enema vs 15 (9-19) days with laparotomy after enema. Case fatality was 4% (95% CI 0.4-12%). Two infants, both preterm died, both in the second month after birth.

Conclusions: Infants with simple MI achieving successful enema decompression were more likely to have had repeat enemas than those who proceeded to laparotomy. Successful non-operative management was associated with a shorter time to full feeds. The early management of infants with MI is highly variable and not standardised across the UK and Ireland.

Keywords: BAPS-CASS; Cystic fibrosis; Meconium ileus; Outcomes; Population-based.

MeSH terms

  • Cohort Studies
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / complications
  • Cystic Fibrosis* / therapy
  • Enema
  • Humans
  • Ileus* / etiology
  • Ileus* / therapy
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intestinal Obstruction*
  • Meconium
  • Meconium Ileus* / etiology
  • Meconium Ileus* / therapy
  • Prospective Studies