Morphometric analysis of fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachments treated with ranibizumab and aflibercept

Eur J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan;32(1):347-355. doi: 10.1177/11206721211005706. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachments (PED) and their response to two different anti-VEGF agents using optical coherence tomography (OCT) morphometric analysis.

Methods: Seventy-three consecutive, treatment-naïve eyes with fibrovascular PED (>125 μm) treated with ranibizumab or aflibercept were retrospectively included. A custom-made software was used to manually segment and calculate PED maximum height, base area, volume and internal reflectivity at baseline, after three injections and 1 year.

Results: Visual acuity (VA) change was 2 ETDRS letters ± 7.6 after three injections and 3.2 ETDRS letters ± 10.3 at 1 year. There was no significant difference between VA changes amongst the two drugs. At 1 year, anti-VEGF treatment resulted in a mean reduction of 125 μm in maximum PED height, of 2.26 mm2 in base area and of 0.54 mm3 in volume with a corresponding increase in reflectivity. These changes were more prominent in the aflilbercept group. The observed PED and VA changes at year 1 were strongly correlated with their values at baseline and after three injections.

Conclusions: Anti-VEGF treatment resulted in a reduction of all PED dimensions and a corresponding increase in optical reflectivity. Higher, larger and more hypo-reflective PEDs demonstrated a better anatomical response, especially with aflibercept, but this was not correlated with VA.

Keywords: Age-related macular degeneration; optics/refraction/instruments; pharmacology; retina; retina - medical therapies.

MeSH terms

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Ranibizumab* / therapeutic use
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / therapeutic use*
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Retinal Detachment / drug therapy*
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium* / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • aflibercept
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
  • Ranibizumab