The Effects of Microaggressions on Depression in Young Adults of Color: Investigating the Impact of Traumatic Event Exposures and Trauma Reactions

J Trauma Stress. 2021 Oct;34(5):985-994. doi: 10.1002/jts.22675. Epub 2021 Mar 27.

Abstract

Microaggressions are a common way that individuals experience racism in the United States. The current study examined the extent to which microaggressions contribute to mental health difficulties, namely trauma reactions and depression, after controlling for other traumatic event exposures. We sought to address gaps in the literature by quantitatively assessing the associations among microaggressions, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and depression symptoms. Participants were 140 young adults of color (68.8% female) who were recruited online. Linear regression analyses evidenced that microaggressions were uniquely associated with depression symptoms, B = 0.27, after controlling for lifetime traumatic event exposures, with this association partially mediated by trauma reactions, B = 0.49. These results suggest that microaggressions are a clinically relevant factor in understanding mental health problems reported by Black, Indigenous, and People of Color in the United States and warrant analysis, assessment, and intervention through a trauma lens.

MeSH terms

  • Aggression
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Depression / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microaggression
  • Racism*
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / epidemiology
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / etiology
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult