Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 re-positivity in COVID-19 patients after discharge

Abstract

Objective: Re-positivity of SARS-CoV-2 in discharged COVID-19 patients have been reported; however, early risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 re-positivity evaluation are limited.

Methods: This is a prospective study, a total of 145 COVID-19 patients were treated and all discharged according to the guideline criteria by Mar 11th 2020. After discharge, clinical visits and viral RT-PCR tests by the second and fourth week follow-up were carried-out. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory data on admission and discharge were retrieved, and predictive factors for SARS-CoV-2 re-positivity were analyzed.

Results: 13 out of 145 (9.0%) COVID-19 patients were confirmed re-positivity of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR test. The median interval between disease onset to recurrence was 38 days. SARS-CoV-2 re-positive cases were of significantly longer virus shedding duration, notably higher body temperature, heart rate and lower TNF-α and IgG levels on admission. Covariate logistic regression analysis revealed virus shedding duration and IgG levels are independent risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 return positive after discharge.

Conclusion: Longer viral shedding duration and lower IgG levels are risk factors for re-positivity of SARS-CoV-2 for discharged COVID-19 patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; Re-positivity; Risk factor; SARS-CoV-2.