Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury: Understanding of the Impact on the Smallest Patients

Crit Care Clin. 2021 Apr;37(2):349-363. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2020.11.007.

Abstract

The study of neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) has transitioned from small, single-center studies to the development of a large, multicenter cohort. The scope of research has expanded from assessment of incidence and mortality to analysis of more specific risk factors, novel urinary biomarkers, interplay between AKI and other organ systems, impact of fluid overload, and quality improvement efforts. The intensification has occurred through collaboration between the neonatology and nephrology communities. This review discusses 2 case scenarios to illustrate the clinical presentation of neonatal AKI, important risk factors, and approaches to minimize AKI events and adverse long-term outcomes.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Biomarkers; Neonate; Outcomes; Prematurity.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury* / diagnosis
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / etiology
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / therapy
  • Biomarkers
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Multicenter Studies as Topic
  • Risk Factors
  • Water-Electrolyte Imbalance*

Substances

  • Biomarkers