Scope: We previously demonstrated that protein restriction in utero induced salt-sensitive hypertension and changed renal levels of angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHRSP). Here, we investigated if this characteristic alteration of AT2R is related to AT2R DNA methylation profiles.
Methods and results: First, we examined the relation between AT2R DNA methylation and its promoter activity in vitro. Luciferase assays revealed a negative correlation between these two variables. Next, we fed SHRSP dams and grand-dams a control 20% casein diet or a 9% casein diet during pregnancy. Adult offspring and grand-offspring were supplied either water or 1% saline solution for 2 weeks. Renal AT2R promoter DNA near the TATA-box was hypomethylated, mRNA expression was suppressed, and protein expression tended to be higher, in adult offspring of mothers fed a low casein diet. Moreover, adult grand-offspring exhibited high blood pressure after salt loading, along with suppressed transcription of AT2R mRNA and elevated translated protein.
Conclusions: Under a fetal environment of protein restriction, the increase in protein expression due to hypomethylation of the AT2R promoter region occurs as a response to increased salt sensitivity, and controlling this mechanism may be important for the prevention of hypertension.
Keywords: DNA methylation; Stroke‐Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat; angiotensin type 2 receptor; maternal protein restriction; salt sensitivity.
© 2021 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.