Role of the HLA-G immune checkpoint molecule in pregnancy

Hum Immunol. 2021 May;82(5):353-361. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.01.003. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Abstract

The non-classical HLA class I molecule HLA-G is expressed in trophoblasts where it contributes to maternal-fetal tolerance. HLA-G has been implicated in the control of trophoblast invasion, uterine vascular remodeling, and maintenance of a local immunosuppressive state. Understanding HLA-G biology at the maternal-fetal interface is therefore a critical issue in reproduction. In this regard, we review here: (i) the effects of HLA-G on decidual leucocytes and stromal cells, (ii) the contribution of trogocytosis in HLA-G expression on decidual cells, (iii) its interaction with the ILT2, ILT4 and KIR2DL4 receptors, (iv) the link between HLA-G polymorphism and pregnancy disorders, and (v) the expression of newly-described HLA-G isoforms at the maternal-fetal interface.

Keywords: HLA-G; Isoform; Polymorphism; Signaling; Trogocytosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Decidua / immunology*
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • HLA-G Antigens / genetics
  • HLA-G Antigens / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Polymorphism, Genetic
  • Pregnancy / immunology*
  • Pregnancy Complications / genetics*
  • Pregnancy Complications / immunology
  • Signal Transduction
  • Trogocytosis
  • Trophoblasts / immunology*

Substances

  • HLA-G Antigens