Structure and function of factor X: properties, activation, and activity in prothrombinase. A retrospective in a historical context

J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2021 Aug;52(2):371-378. doi: 10.1007/s11239-021-02421-7. Epub 2021 Mar 16.

Abstract

The evolution of our understanding of the formation of thrombin from the postulated thrombokinase of Morawitz to activated Factor X and prothrombinase occurred during a period of nearly 100 years. During this time structure-function relationships have emerged and the roles of phospholipid surfaces, the accessory factor, Factor V and its activated form have been clarified. This paper summarizes this story with particular acknowledgement of the seminal contributions of Haskell Milstone.

Keywords: Factor V; Factor X; Prothrombin; Thrombin; Thrombokinase.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Factor V
  • Factor X / metabolism*
  • Factor Xa / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Kinetics
  • Prothrombin / metabolism
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thrombin / metabolism
  • Thromboplastin

Substances

  • Factor V
  • Prothrombin
  • Factor X
  • Thromboplastin
  • Thrombin
  • Factor Xa