A Novel 4H-Chromen-4-One Derivative from Marine Streptomyces ovatisporus S4702T as Potential Antibacterial and Anti-Cancer Agent

Abstract

Background: Marine actinomycetes are among indispensable sources of natural bioactive compounds with unique antimicrobial and anti-cancer activities.

Objective: Herein, it was aimed to elucidate the bioactive potential of a marine-derived Streptomyces ovatisporus S4702T, isolated previously.

Methods: Streptomyces ovatisporus S4702^T was cultured in N-Z Amine broth, and extraction was carried out using different organic solvents. Bioassay-guided purification was followed by chemical characterization using NMR and LC-MS/MS. The compound was then evaluated for its antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.

Results: Etyl acetate extracts gave the highest antibacterial activity, and chemical characterization of this extract indicated the formula as C15H29O5N3 and the corresponding possible molecular structure as 4H-chromen-4-one derivative. It was found highly potent against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 (MIC: 0.25 μg ml^-1) and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341 (MBC: 0.5 μg ml^-1). It has no remarkable antioxidant activity, but a higher EC50 value and less cytotoxicity against normal cells. The EC50 values of this chromen derivative were found as 9.68 μg ml-1 for human colon carcinoma, 9.93 μg ml^-1 for human prostate adenocarcinoma and 25.5 μg ml^-1 for human embryonic kidney cells.

Conclusion: Overall, the presented 4H-chromen-4-one derivative is a remarkable bioactive compound with potent antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. With its high bioactive potential, it is proposed as a good candidate in medicine.

Keywords: 4H-chromen-4-one; LC-MS/MS; NMR; Streptomyces ovatisporus S4702T; antibacterial activity; cytotoxicity.