Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Increase Risk of Death in Novel Corona Virus Patients Irrespective of Age: a Prospective Observational Study of Co-morbidities and COVID-19 from India

Anirban Gupta; Neelabh Nayan; Ranjith Nair; Krishna Kumar; Aditya Joshi; Shivangi Sharma; Jasdeep Singh; Rajan Kapoor

doi:10.1007/s42399-021-00851-1

Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Increase Risk of Death in Novel Corona Virus Patients Irrespective of Age: a Prospective Observational Study of Co-morbidities and COVID-19 from India

SN Compr Clin Med. 2021;3(4):937-944. doi: 10.1007/s42399-021-00851-1. Epub 2021 Mar 8.

Authors

Anirban Gupta¹, Neelabh Nayan¹, Ranjith Nair¹, Krishna Kumar², Aditya Joshi², Shivangi Sharma¹, Jasdeep Singh³, Rajan Kapoor¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, 700027 India.
² Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India.
³ Department of Pathology, Command Hospital (Eastern Command), Kolkata, India.

Abstract

Elderly people and people with co-morbidities have emerged as the most vulnerable group at risk of developing complications and succumbing to novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection. We recorded the baseline demographic profile, baseline clinical and laboratory parameters, and prevalence of various co-morbidities and their effect on the prognosis of COVID-19 cases. We conducted a prospective observational study and analyzed baseline clinical and laboratory parameters and co-morbidities and their effect on severity and mortality in 710 COVID-19 cases. Seven hundred ten patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were recruited from the 28^th of March to the 31^st of August 2020. The mean age was 48.4 ± 16.4years. A total of 530 (74.6%) patients were male. Overall, the mean length of hospital stay was 12.7 days. In total, 645 patients(90.8%) were mild to moderate cases and did not require initial ICU care. Sixty-five (9.2%) cases required initial intensive care unit care. Fifty (7%) admitted patients succumbed to the illness. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension increased the risk of death in COVID-19 patients irrespective of age. Increasing age and co-morbidities adversely affect the prognosis of patients of COVID-19. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension increase the risk of death in COVID-19 patients and negate the incremental effect of age on death in these patients.

Keywords: COVID-19; Co-morbidities; Diabetes; Hypertension; Mortality; Prognosis.