Bone tissue engineering techniques, advances and scaffolds for treatment of bone defects

Matthew Alonzo; Fabian Alvarez Primo; Shweta Anil Kumar; Joel A Mudloff; Erick Dominguez; Gisel Fregoso; Nick Ortiz; William M Weiss; Binata Joddar

doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2020.100248

Bone tissue engineering techniques, advances and scaffolds for treatment of bone defects

Curr Opin Biomed Eng. 2021 Mar:17:100248. doi: 10.1016/j.cobme.2020.100248. Epub 2020 Nov 1.

Authors

Matthew Alonzo^{1

2}, Fabian Alvarez Primo^{1

2}, Shweta Anil Kumar^{1

2}, Joel A Mudloff^{1

2}, Erick Dominguez^{1

3}, Gisel Fregoso^{1

4}, Nick Ortiz^{1

5}, William M Weiss⁶, Binata Joddar^{1

2

7}

Affiliations

¹ Inspired Materials & Stem-Cell Based Tissue Engineering Laboratory (IMSTEL), The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.
² Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, M201 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.
³ Mechanical Engineering Department, Rm. A-126 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.
⁴ Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rm. A-325 Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.
⁵ Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.
⁶ Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
⁷ Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Avenue, El Paso, Texas, 79968, USA.

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims to develop strategies to regenerate damaged or diseased bone using a combination of cells, growth factors, and biomaterials. This article highlights recent advances in BTE, with particular emphasis on the role of the biomaterials as scaffolding material to heal bone defects. Studies encompass the utilization of bioceramics, composites, and myriad hydrogels that have been fashioned by injection molding, electrospinning, and 3D bioprinting over recent years, with the aim to provide an insight into the progress of BTE along with a commentary on their scope and possibilities to aid future research. The biocompatibility and structural efficacy of some of these biomaterials are also discussed.

Keywords: 3D printing; bone defect; electrospinning; injection molding; orthopedics; tissue engineering.

Abstract

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