Engineering biomaterials to prevent post-operative infection and fibrosis

Aditya Josyula; Kunal S Parikh; Ian Pitha; Laura M Ensign

doi:10.1007/s13346-021-00955-0

Engineering biomaterials to prevent post-operative infection and fibrosis

Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2021 Aug;11(4):1675-1688. doi: 10.1007/s13346-021-00955-0. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Authors

Aditya Josyula^{1

2}, Kunal S Parikh^{1

3

4

5}, Ian Pitha^{1

3}, Laura M Ensign^{6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
² Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
⁴ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
⁵ Center for Bioengineering Innovation and Design, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
⁶ Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
⁷ Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
⁸ Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
⁹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
¹⁰ Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
¹¹ The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
¹² Departments Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.
¹³ Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. lensign@jhmi.edu.

Abstract

Implantable biomaterials are essential surgical devices, extending and improving the quality of life of millions of people globally. Advances in materials science, manufacturing, and in our understanding of the biological response to medical device implantation over several decades have resulted in improved safety and functionality of biomaterials. However, post-operative infection and immune responses remain significant challenges that interfere with biomaterial functionality and host healing processes. The objectives of this review is to provide an overview of the biology of post-operative infection and the physiological response to implanted biomaterials and to discuss emerging strategies utilizing local drug delivery and surface modification to improve the long-term safety and efficacy of biomaterials.

Keywords: Bacterial adhesion; Biomaterials; Fibrosis; Infection; Inflammation; Surface modification; Sustained release.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review

MeSH terms

Biocompatible Materials*
Drug Delivery Systems
Fibrosis
Humans
Quality of Life*
Wound Healing

Substances

Biocompatible Materials

Grants and funding

R01 HL141612/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States