The effect of post-extraction socket preservation laser treatment on bone density 4 months after extraction: Randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background: Post-extraction bone resorption may affect the outcome of ensuing restorations.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate a comprehensive laser post-extraction protocol by comparing resulting alveolar bone regeneration with that obtained after standard extraction procedure.

Materials and methods: About 53 simple extractions were randomized to either laser or control group. In the laser group, erbium (Er:YAG; 2940 nm) and neodymium (Nd:YAG; 1064 nm) lasers were used for degranulation, disinfection, de-epithelialization of the surrounding gingiva, clot stabilization, and photobiomodulation. The primary outcome measure was change in bone density in the extraction area between day 1 and 4 months after extraction. Patients were monitored for potential side effects.

Results: Increase in bone density at the follow-up CBCT was significantly higher in laser than in control group (p < 0.001). No post-operative pain, bleeding, or swelling was present in the laser group. In the control group, one patient had bleeding 3-5 days after extraction, two patients had swelling and three patients reported post-operative pain rated 3-5 on a 0-10 pain scale up to 3 days after extraction.

Conclusions: The proposed laser post-extraction procedure is a safe and effective method to improve post-extraction bone healing.

Keywords: CBCT; alveolar preservation; bone density; laser post-extraction procedure.