Purpose: Cystic pancreatic lesions (CPLs) are common and increasingly encountered in clinical radiology practice. The appropriate imaging surveillance strategy for lower-risk CPLs (branch duct-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and indeterminant small cystic lesions) has been a topic of intense study and debate in recent years. MRI is considered the investigation of choice for initial characterisation and follow-up of CPLs. Follow-up intervals for CPLs vary from 6 months to 2 years and surveillance may be lifelong or until the patient is no longer considered fit for potential surgical intervention. This creates a significant burden on MRI resources as a standard protocol pancreatic MRI may have an acquisition time of up to 35-50 min. However, the necessity of contrast-enhanced sequences and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for routine follow-up of CPLs has been questioned in recent years.
Methods: We reviewed the available evidence to determine whether an abbreviated MRI (A-MRI) protocol may be safely adopted for surveillance of CPLs, as has been implemented in other clinical scenarios.
Results: A number of recent retrospective studies have indicated that an A-MRI, omitting contrast-enhanced and DWI, may be used for CPL surveillance without any suspicious features or cases of malignancy being missed. Although small number of cases may need to be recalled for additional MR sequences based on the A-MRI findings, there is still a significant overall timesaving.
Conclusion: The best available evidence currently suggests that an A-MRI protocol should be considered for routine surveillance of CPLs. Prospective studies are required to ensure the findings reported in these retrospective case studies are backed up in ongoing clinical practice.
Keywords: Abbreviated protocol; Cystic pancreatic lesions; IPMN; MRI; Surveillance.