Soy intake is associated with lowering blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials

Zahra Mosallanezhad; Marzieh Mahmoodi; Sara Ranjbar; Razieh Hosseini; Cain C T Clark; Kristin Carson-Chahhoud; Zahra Norouzi; Ali Abbasian; Zahra Sohrabi; Mohammad Jalali

doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102692

Soy intake is associated with lowering blood pressure in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials

Complement Ther Med. 2021 Jun:59:102692. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102692. Epub 2021 Feb 24.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
² Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
³ Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV15FB, UK.
⁴ Australian Centre for Precision Health, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia; School of Medicine, the University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
⁵ Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
⁶ Department of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, Masjed-Soleiman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Masjed-Soleiman, Iran.
⁷ Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
⁸ Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Electronic address: Mj.artak@gmail.com.

PMID: 33636295
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102692

Abstract

Background: Soy has several beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, results of clinical trial studies are equivocal. Thus, the present study sought to discern the efficacy of soy intake on blood pressure.

Methods: The search process was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to ascertain studies investigating the efficacy of soy intake on blood pressure in adults, published up to June 2020. A random-effects model was applied to pool mean difference and 95 % confidence interval (CI). Begg's and Egger's methods were conducted to assess publication bias.

Results: Pooled effects from 17 effect sizes revealed a significant improvement in systolic blood pressure (SBP) (-1.70; -3.34 to -0.06 mmHg; I² = 45.4 %) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (-1.27; -2.36 to -0.19 mmHg, I² = 43.9 %) following soy consumption, in comparison with controls. Subgroup analysis demonstrated a reduction in both SBP and DBP in younger participants with lower baseline DBP and intervention durations of <16 weeks.

Conclusion: Our results suggest that soy intake is associated with an ameliorating effect on blood pressure in adults.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Hypertension; Meta-analysis; Review; Soy.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Adult
Blood Pressure
Cardiovascular Diseases*
Humans
Hypertension* / drug therapy
Hypotension*
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic