Objective: To investigate the clinical features of infertile women with non-classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD). Methods: The study enrolled 21 infertile women with non-classic 21-OHD in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2009 to December 2018. The clinical presentation, endocrine hormone, glucolipid metabolism and treatment outcome were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis of non-classic 21-OHD was comprehensively based on clinical and hormonal characteristics. Results: Among 21 cases, the age was (29.9±2.9) years, the mean age at menarche was (13.6±2.0) years, body mass index was (22.1±2.9) kg/m2, and 38% (8/21) had oligomenorrhea. Hirsutism was diagnosed in 3 cases (14%, 3/21). Clitoromegaly was seen in 14% (3/21) and polycystic ovarian morphology was found in 33% (7/21) of the patients. The mean serum level of basal progesterone was (11.3±21.0) nmol/L, with 48% (10/21) having high basal progesterone level; after therapy by glucocorticoid, the level of progesterone was (1.9±2.0) nmol/L. Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone concentration was (66.4±123.6) nmol/L; after therapy by glucocorticoid, it was (2.4±1.8) nmol/L. In the study increased testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were present in 62% (13/21), 52% (11/21) and 43% (9/21), respectively; and 52% (11/21) of patients manifested androgen excess and basal progesterone elevation; androgen levels decreased after therapy by glucocorticoid. The pregnancy rate was 76% (16/21). Out of 19 pregnancies, 6/19 ended in spontaneous miscarriages. Conclusions: Infertile women with non-classic 21-OHD are characterized by hyperandrogenism and basal progesterone elevation, whereas gonad axis disorder is not apparent. After no response to conventional therapy, adult infertile women with non-classic 21-OHD could achieve a desirable pregnancy outcome with proper treatment of glucocorticoid.
目的： 探讨非典型21-羟化酶缺乏症（21-OHD）合并不孕症患者的临床特征。 方法： 回顾性分析2009年1月至2018年12月中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院诊治的21例非典型21-OHD合并不孕症育龄期患者的临床表现、内分泌激素、糖脂代谢、治疗和妊娠结局。非典型21-OHD的诊断根据临床表现和内分泌激素检测综合判断。 结果： 21例患者的年龄为（29.9±2.9）岁，初潮年龄为（13.6±2.0）岁，体质指数为（22.1±2.9） kg/m2，38%（8/21）月经稀发，14%（3/21）诊断为多毛，14%（3/21）表现为孤立性阴蒂肥大，33%（7/21）卵巢呈多囊样改变。48%（10/21）基础孕酮水平升高，基础孕酮水平为（11.3±21.0） nmol/L，以糖皮质激素治疗后为（1.9±2.0） nmol/L；17α-羟孕酮水平为（66.4±123.6） nmol/L，以糖皮质激素治疗后为（2.4±1.8） nmol/L。62%（13/21）睾酮水平升高，52%（11/21）雄烯二酮水平升高，43%（9/21）硫酸脱氢表雄酮水平升高，52%（11/21）同时发生高雄激素血症伴基础高孕酮血症；以糖皮质激素治疗后雄激素水平有不同程度的降低。16例患者妊娠，妊娠率为76%（16/21），共计19次妊娠中6次流产，流产率为6/19。 结论： 非典型21-OHD合并不孕症的育龄期患者以高雄激素血症和基础高孕酮血症等性激素紊乱为主要特征，性腺轴紊乱的临床表现不明显，常规治疗无效时给予适宜的糖皮质激素治疗后可获得较为理想的妊娠结局。.