The Versatile Type V CRISPR Effectors and Their Application Prospects

Baisong Tong; Huina Dong; Yali Cui; Pingtao Jiang; Zhaoxia Jin; Dawei Zhang

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.622103

The Versatile Type V CRISPR Effectors and Their Application Prospects

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Feb 4:8:622103. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.622103. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Baisong Tong^{1

2

3}, Huina Dong^{2

3}, Yali Cui^{2

3}, Pingtao Jiang^{1

2

3}, Zhaoxia Jin¹, Dawei Zhang^{2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China.
² Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
⁴ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Abstract

The class II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas systems, characterized by a single effector protein, can be further subdivided into types II, V, and VI. The application of the type II CRISPR effector protein Cas9 as a sequence-specific nuclease in gene editing has revolutionized this field. Similarly, Cas13 as the effector protein of type VI provides a convenient tool for RNA manipulation. Additionally, the type V CRISPR-Cas system is another valuable resource with many subtypes and diverse functions. In this review, we summarize all the subtypes of the type V family that have been identified so far. According to the functions currently displayed by the type V family, we attempt to introduce the functional principle, current application status, and development prospects in biotechnology for all major members.

Keywords: CRISPR-Cas systems; base editor; genome editing; nucleic acid detection platforms; transcriptional regulation; type V effectors.

Publication types

Review