Biomass utilization and production of biofuels from carbon neutral materials

Rajesh K Srivastava; Nagaraj P Shetti; Kakarla Raghava Reddy; Eilhann E Kwon; Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda; Tejraj M Aminabhavi

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116731

Biomass utilization and production of biofuels from carbon neutral materials

Environ Pollut. 2021 May 1:276:116731. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116731. Epub 2021 Feb 11.

Authors

Rajesh K Srivastava¹, Nagaraj P Shetti², Kakarla Raghava Reddy³, Eilhann E Kwon⁴, Mallikarjuna N Nadagouda⁵, Tejraj M Aminabhavi⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, GIT, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, 530045, (A.P.), India.
² Department of Chemistry, K. L. E. Institute of Technology, Gokul, Hubballi, 580027, Karnataka, India.
³ School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
⁴ Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45324, USA.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, India. Electronic address: aminabhavit@gmail.com.

PMID: 33607352
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116731

Abstract

The availability of organic matters in vast quantities from the agricultural/industrial practices has long been a significant environmental challenge. These wastes have created global issues in increasing the levels of BOD or COD in water as well as in soil or air segments. Such wastes can be converted into bioenergy using a specific conversion platform in conjunction with the appropriate utilization of the methods such as anaerobic digestion, secondary waste treatment, or efficient hydrolytic breakdown as these can promote bioenergy production to mitigate the environmental issues. By the proper utilization of waste organics and by adopting innovative approaches, one can develop bioenergy processes to meet the energy needs of the society. Waste organic matters from plant origins or other agro-sources, biopolymers, or complex organic matters (cellulose, hemicelluloses, non-consumable starches or proteins) can be used as cheap raw carbon resources to produce biofuels or biogases to fulfill the ever increasing energy demands. Attempts have been made for bioenergy production by biosynthesizing, methanol, n-butanol, ethanol, algal biodiesel, and biohydrogen using different types of organic matters via biotechnological/chemical routes to meet the world's energy need by producing least amount of toxic gases (reduction up to 20-70% in concentration) in order to promote sustainable green environmental growth. This review emphasizes on the nature of available wastes, different strategies for its breakdown or hydrolysis, efficient microbial systems. Some representative examples of biomasses source that are used for bioenergy production by providing critical information are discussed. Furthermore, bioenergy production from the plant-based organic matters and environmental issues are also discussed. Advanced biofuels from the organic matters are discussed with efficient microbial and chemical processes for the promotion of biofuel production from the utilization of plant biomasses.

Keywords: Bioenergy; Biofuels; Biogases; Bioremediation; Lignocellulose; Starches.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Biofuels*
Biomass
Carbon*
Ethanol
Soil

Substances

Biofuels
Soil
Ethanol
Carbon