Magnetic resonance imaging findings of a myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: A case report and literature review

Takayoshi Shinya; Kentaro Shibamoto; Kiyoka Maeba; Katsuya Kato; Yasumasa Monobe; Michihisa Fujiwara; Atsushi Hongo

doi:10.1016/j.ejro.2021.100328

Magnetic resonance imaging findings of a myxoid leiomyosarcoma of the uterus: A case report and literature review

Eur J Radiol Open. 2021 Feb 3:8:100328. doi: 10.1016/j.ejro.2021.100328. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Takayoshi Shinya¹, Kentaro Shibamoto¹, Kiyoka Maeba¹, Katsuya Kato¹, Yasumasa Monobe², Michihisa Fujiwara³, Atsushi Hongo³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Centre, 2-6-2 Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
² Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Centre, 2-6-2 Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Centre, 2-6-2 Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.

Abstract

Uterine myxoid leiomyosarcomas (MLMSs) are extremely rare. Here, we report a rare case of uterine MLMS with unique and bizarre magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings on diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI scans. A 67-year-old woman presented with a uterine MLMS that had a multilocular cystic mass with a septum and solid components. The tumour demonstrated marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images in a myxoid stroma with gradual partial contrast enhancement and diffusion restriction, which could be a characteristic feature suggestive of a myxoid malignant smooth muscle tumour of the uterus rather than a uterine leiomyoma with myxoid degeneration.

Keywords: Diffusion-weighted images; Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI; Magnetic resonance imaging; Myxoid changes; Myxoid leiomyosarcomas.

Publication types

Case Reports