Extracurricular Sports Participation and Sedentary Behavior in Association with Dietary Habits and Obesity Risk in Children and Adolescents and the Role of Family Structure: a Literature Review

Curr Nutr Rep. 2021 Mar;10(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s13668-021-00352-6. Epub 2021 Feb 17.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Childhood obesity is considered a major problem in the modern world, associated with many health issues in youth. This review aimed the association between extracurricular sports participation, sedentary time/screen time, and "obesogenic" and "non-obesogenic" dietary habits among youth and to explore the role of family structure on the adoption of sedentary behaviors by children.

Recent findings: Increased participation in extracurricular sports was associated with a healthier dietary pattern, containing more "non-obesogenic" food choices. Opposite results were indicated by sedentary activities. Increased time in watching TV, computer/electronic games, and other screen devices was positively associated with unhealthy dietary patterns. Overall, extracurricular activities influence the quality of food choices, which may prevent or promote childhood obesity; thus, sport-related activities should be promoted through public health policies. The role of the family structure is contradictory.

Keywords: Childhood obesity; Dietary habits; Extracurricular sports; Family role; Screen time; Sedentary.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Child
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Humans
  • Pediatric Obesity* / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity* / prevention & control
  • Screen Time
  • Sedentary Behavior
  • Sports*