Graphene for Biosensing Applications in Point-of-Care Testing

Ioannis Prattis; Ernestine Hui; Patrik Gubeljak; Gabriele S Kaminski Schierle; Antonio Lombardo; Luigi G Occhipinti

doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.01.005

Graphene for Biosensing Applications in Point-of-Care Testing

Trends Biotechnol. 2021 Oct;39(10):1065-1077. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.01.005. Epub 2021 Feb 8.

Authors

Ioannis Prattis¹, Ernestine Hui², Patrik Gubeljak¹, Gabriele S Kaminski Schierle³, Antonio Lombardo⁴, Luigi G Occhipinti⁵

Affiliations

¹ Cambridge Graphene Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
² Cambridge Graphene Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK; Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
³ Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK.
⁴ London Centre for Nanotechnology, London WC1H 0AH, UK; Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
⁵ Cambridge Graphene Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK. Electronic address: lgo23@cam.ac.uk.

PMID: 33573848
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.01.005

Abstract

Graphene and graphene-related materials (GRMs) exhibit a unique combination of electronic, optical, and electrochemical properties, which make them ideally suitable for ultrasensitive and selective point-of-care testing (POCT) devices. POCT device-based applications in diagnostics require test results to be readily accessible anywhere to produce results within a short analysis timeframe. This review article provides a summary of methods and latest developments in the field of graphene and GRM-based biosensing in POCT and an overview of the main applications of the latter in nucleic acids and enzymatic biosensing, cell detection, and immunosensing. For each application, we discuss scientific and technological advances along with the remaining challenges, outlining future directions for widespread use of this technology in biomedical applications.

Keywords: biomolecules; biosensors; detection; diagnostics; graphene; point-of-care.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
Electronics
Graphite*
Point-of-Care Testing

Substances

Graphite