Salivary Metalloproteinase-8 and Metalloproteinase-9 Evaluation in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment before and after Periodontal Therapy

Ioana-Andreea Sioustis; Maria-Alexandra Martu; Liana Aminov; Mariana Pavel; Petru Cianga; Diana Cristala Kappenberg-Nitescu; Ionut Luchian; Sorina Mihaela Solomon; Silvia Martu

doi:10.3390/ijerph18041583

Salivary Metalloproteinase-8 and Metalloproteinase-9 Evaluation in Patients Undergoing Fixed Orthodontic Treatment before and after Periodontal Therapy

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 8;18(4):1583. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18041583.

Authors

Ioana-Andreea Sioustis¹, Maria-Alexandra Martu¹, Liana Aminov², Mariana Pavel³, Petru Cianga³, Diana Cristala Kappenberg-Nitescu¹, Ionut Luchian¹, Sorina Mihaela Solomon¹, Silvia Martu¹

Affiliations

¹ Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iași, Romania.
² Endodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, 700115 Iași, Romania.
³ Immumology Department, Faculty of Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi and "St. Spiridon" Hospital of Iasi, 700115 Iași, Romania.

Abstract

(1) Background: Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) are members of a family of proteases of major importance during orthodontic tooth movement. Their levels increase during orthodontic therapy and in periodontally affected tissues. Orthodontic fixed appliances retain dental plaque and can cause gingival inflammation. When gingival inflammation is present, the forces produced during orthodontic tooth movement can aggravate tissue reaction and cause the destruction of supportive periodontal tissue. This study aimed to identify biomarkers that facilitate the assessment of periodontal status during orthodontic treatment. (2) Methods: Our study was conducted on 111 patients who were about to receive fixed orthodontic treatment. We determined the salivary levels of MMP-8 and MMP-9 and bleeding on probing (BOP) before applying the orthodontic fixed appliance (T1), one week after appliance placement (T2), and during orthodontic treatment, one month after non-surgical periodontal treatment (T3). (3) Results: Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment show a significant increase in BOP, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels one week after orthodontic appliance placement (T2) and a decrease in these parameters one month after periodontal treatment (T3). Statistically significant correlations were found between MMP-8 levels and BOP values at T1, T2, and T3. (4) Conclusion: In our study patients undergoing orthodontic treatment show a significant increase in BOP, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels one week after orthodontic appliance placement and a decrease in these parameters one month after periodontal treatment. Strong positive statistically significant correlations were found between MMP-8 levels and BOP and medium positive statistically significant correlations between MMP-9 and BOP values before and after orthodontic treatment and periodontal treatment. MMP-8, MMP-9, and BOP could be used to assess the periodontal status of orthodontic patients.

Keywords: biomarkers; inflammation; orthodontic treatment; periodontal treatment.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Gingivitis*
Humans
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8*
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9*
Orthodontic Appliances* / adverse effects
Periodontal Index
Tooth Movement Techniques

Substances

MMP8 protein, human
Matrix Metalloproteinase 8
MMP9 protein, human
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9