Out of the lab and into the wild: The influence of portion size on food intake in laboratory vs. real-world settings

Appetite. 2021 Jul 1:162:105160. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105160. Epub 2021 Feb 6.

Abstract

External influences on eating behaviour, such as portion size, have been reliably shown to influence food intake in the laboratory. However, little research has examined whether laboratory settings under or overestimate the effect that external influences have on food intake compared to when studied in the real-world. In Study 1, 60 participants (mean age = 32 years) were randomized to consume a large (200 g) or small (100 g) portion of popcorn under controlled laboratory conditions and during a separate session in their home. Results showed that the effect of portion size on food intake was larger at home (d = 0.97) than in the laboratory (d = 0.56). Furthermore, participants reported feeling more relaxed eating at home compared to the laboratory. In Study 2, we examined whether comparable results were observed in a semi-naturalistic laboratory designed to resemble a home setting. 59 participants (mean age = 28 years) completed the same procedure as Study 1 in a standard and a semi-naturalistic laboratory setting. Although participants reported having higher levels of private self-awareness in the standard laboratory, the effect that portion size had on food intake did not differ between the standard laboratory (d = 0.50) and the semi-naturalistic laboratory (d = 0.49). The impact that external influences on eating, such as portion size, have on food intake in the real-world may be underestimated when studied under laboratory conditions.

Keywords: Eating behaviour; Ecological validity; Food intake; Laboratory; Portion size; Real-world.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Eating
  • Energy Intake
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Food
  • Humans
  • Laboratories*
  • Portion Size*
  • Random Allocation