The intracellular membrane trafficking is a complicated pathway network. Rab GTPases are key regulators of membrane trafficking that are generally considered as specific markers and indicators of various organelles and membrane trafficking in endocytic and secretory pathways. Dysfunction in axonal and endosomal transport related to Rab proteins is one of the most important causes of neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we mainly introduce how the Rab proteins change in different neurodegenerative diseases and their regulatory roles in the pathological mechanisms of related diseases. We also discuss the relationships between mitochondrial and glial cell dysfunctions and Rab proteins. Further exploration of the regulatory roles of Rab proteins will shed lights on revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of neurological diseases and providing potential targets for the early diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases.
细胞内膜囊泡运输是一个复杂的通路网络,Rab GTPases是膜囊泡运输的主要调节剂,通常被认为是细胞内吞和分泌系统中各种细胞器和囊泡的特异性标记和识别物。与Rab蛋白相关的轴突运输、内体运输发生障碍是造成神经退行性疾病的重要原因之一。本文主要介绍了Rab蛋白在多种神经退行性疾病病理机制中的作用机理与调控机制,同时讨论了线粒体和胶质细胞功能异常与Rab蛋白之间的关联。深入探究Rab蛋白的作用机制对人类神经性疾病的早期诊断和治疗具有潜在的指导意义。.
Keywords: Rab proteins; astrocytes; membrane trafficking; mitochondria; neurological diseases.