P-type layered oxide is a promising cathode candidate for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), but faces the challenge of simultaneously realizing high rate capability and long cycle life. Herein, Co-substituted Nax MnO2 nanosheets with tunable P2/P3 biphase structures are synthesized by a novel dealloying-annealing strategy. The optimized P2/P3-Na0.67 Mn0.64 Co0.30 Al0.06 O2 cathode delivers an excellent rate capability of 83 mA h g-1 at a high current density of 1700 mA g-1 (10 C), and an outstanding cycling stability over 500 cycles at 1000 mA g-1 . This excellent performance is attributed to the unique P2/P3 biphases with stable crystal structures and fast Na+ diffusion between open prismatic Na sites. Moreover, operando X-ray diffraction is applied to explore the structural evolution of Na0.67 Mn0.64 Co0.30 Al0.06 O2 during the Na+ extraction/insertion processes, and the P2-P2' phase transition is effectively suppressed. Operando Raman technique is utilized to explore the structural superiority of P2/P3 biphase cathode compared with pure P2 or P3 phase. This work highlights precisely tailoring the phase composition as an effective strategy to design advanced cathode materials for SIBs.
Keywords: cathode materials; dealloying; layered oxides; operando X-ray diffraction/Raman; sodium-ion batteries.
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