Prognostic capacity of the weighted lymph node ratio in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with salvage neck dissection

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic capacity of the recently described weighted lymph node ratio (WLNR) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) who undergo salvage neck dissection for regional recurrence.

Material and methods: We retrospectively studied 197 adult patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with salvage neck dissection from 1990 to 2017.

Results: The mean value for the WLNR for all patients was 26.2%. We established a classification based on the WLNR values taking 10.8% as the cut-off point. Five-year disease-specific survival for patients with WLNR ≤ 10.8% (n = 89, 45.2%) was 39.9% (IC 95% 29.4-50.4%), and for patients with WLNR ≥ 10.8% (n = 108, 54.8%) it was 20.5% (IC 95% 12.3-28.7%) (p = 0.007). The multivariate analysis showed the WLNR had a significant prognostic capacity.

Conclusions: As a variable that integrates data related to the number of metastatic nodes with extracapsular spread to the LNR, the WLNR has a prognostic value in the pathological assessment of HNSCC patients with regional recurrence treated with salvage neck dissection.

Keywords: Extracapsular spread; Lymph node ratio; Prognostic capacity; Salvage neck dissection.