Evaluating the efficacy of three carrier screening workflows designed to identify at-risk carrier couples

Prenat Diagn. 2021 Jun;41(7):896-904. doi: 10.1002/pd.5900. Epub 2021 Feb 8.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of three different carrier screening workflows designed to identify couples at risk for having offspring with autosomal recessive conditions.

Methods: Partner testing compliance, unnecessary testing, turnaround time, and ability to identify at-risk couples (ARCs) were measured across all three screening strategies (sequential, tandem, or tandem reflex).

Results: A total of 314,100 individuals who underwent carrier screening were analyzed. Sequential, tandem, and tandem reflex screening yielded compliance frequencies of 25.8%, 100%, and 95.9%, respectively. Among 14,595 couples tested in tandem, 42.2% of females were screen-negative, resulting in unnecessary testing of the male partner. In contrast, less than 1% of tandem reflex couples included unnecessary male testing. The median turnaround times were 29.2 days (sequential), 8 days (tandem), and 13.3 days (tandem reflex). The proportion of ARCs detected per total number of individual screens were 0.5% for sequential testing and 1.3% for both tandem and tandem reflex testing.

Conclusion: The tandem reflex strategy simplifies a potentially complex clinical scenario by providing a mechanism by which providers can maximize partner compliance and the detection of at-risk couples while minimizing workflow burden and unnecessary testing and is more efficacious than both sequential and tandem screening strategies.

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Genetic Carrier Screening / methods*
  • Genetic Carrier Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Genetic Testing / methods
  • Heterozygote*
  • Humans
  • Parents / psychology*
  • Preconception Care / methods
  • Preconception Care / standards
  • Preconception Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Pregnancy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Workflow