Aim: To explore the relationship between demographic factors, acute coronary syndrome-related factors, perceived control and health-related quality of life during admission, 3 months and 6 months after discharge, in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Methods: Participants were recruited for this longitudinal study after admission for acute coronary syndrome in three university hospitals in the Tokyo metropolitan area, Japan. Self-administered questionnaires included demographic data, perceived control, health-related quality of life, acute coronary syndrome symptoms, fatigue, depression and anxiety.
Results: Participants (N = 137) had an average age of 62.8 (SD 11.6) years and 80.3% were male. As a result of Path analysis, higher perceived control (β = 0.258, p = .001), lower anxiety (β = -0.226, p = .009) and lower fatigue (β = -0.231, p = .010), were significantly related to better health-related quality of life (General health). Only annual income was significantly related to perceived control (β = 0.187, p = .029). Eighty-two (59.9%) participants at 3 months and 54 (39.4%) participants at 6 months completed the questionnaires. Perceived control (F = 7.074, p = .001) and General health (χ2 = 10.22, p = .006) significantly increased over the 6 months. Perceived control during admission was significantly related with health-related quality of life at 3 months. Perceived control at 3 months was significantly related with health-related quality of life at 6 months.
Conclusion: Perceived control was an important factor for health-related quality of life of the Japanese patients with acute coronary syndrome. It is necessary to investigate whether nursing interventions to enhance perceived control lead to improvement of health-related quality of life.
Keywords: Japanese; acute coronary syndrome; health-related quality of life; longitudinal study; perceived control.
© 2021 The Authors. Japan Journal of Nursing Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Academy of Nursing Science.