ACE/ACE2 balance might be instrumental to explain the certain comorbidities leading to severe COVID-19 cases

Sarbashri Bank; Subrata Kumar De; Biswabandhu Bankura; Smarajit Maiti; Madhusudan Das; Gausal A Khan

doi:10.1042/BSR20202014

ACE/ACE2 balance might be instrumental to explain the certain comorbidities leading to severe COVID-19 cases

Biosci Rep. 2021 Feb 26;41(2):BSR20202014. doi: 10.1042/BSR20202014.

Authors

Sarbashri Bank^{1

2}, Subrata Kumar De³, Biswabandhu Bankura⁴, Smarajit Maiti⁵, Madhusudan Das⁴, Gausal A Khan⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, India.
² Cardiovascular disease section, Sinha Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Kolkata, India.
³ Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Medinipur, India.
⁴ Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
⁵ OIST, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medinipur, India.
⁶ Department of Physiology and Physiotherapy, CMNHS, Fiji School of Medicine, Fiji National University, Fiji.

Abstract

The outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global catastrophe. The elderly and people with comorbidity are facing a serious complication of the disease. The entry and infection strategy of SARS-CoV-2 in a host cell is raised by an amazing way of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 (ACE2) receptor recognition and imbalance of ACE/ACE2 in various organs, especially in the lungs. Here it has been discussed the role of interferon and protease during the receptor recognition (begining of infection) and followed by the impact of cytokine and hypoxia in the context of the balance of ACE/ACE2. It has also very concisely delineated the biochemistry and mechanism of ACE/ACE2 balance in different stages of infection and its role in comorbidity.

Keywords: ACE/ACE2; Comorbidity; Hypoxia; SARS-CoV-2.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 / blood*
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
COVID-19 / epidemiology*
COVID-19 / etiology*
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
Comorbidity
Cytokines / metabolism
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / blood*
Renin-Angiotensin System / physiology
SARS-CoV-2 / pathogenicity*
Virus Internalization

Substances

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Cytokines
ACE protein, human
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
ACE2 protein, human
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2