A Brief Review of Diagnosis of Small Ruminants Brucellosis

Abstract

Brucellosis caused by bacteria of the genus of Brucella remains a major zoonosis in the wide world, which is an infectious disease with a severe economic impact on animal husbandry and public health. The genus of Brucella includes ten species and the most prevalent is Brucella melitensis. The diagnosis of Brucella melitensis ruminant brucellosis is based on bacteriological and immunological tests. The use of vaccines and the false-positive serological reactions (FPSR) caused by other cross-reacting bacteria represent the immunological contexts. This complex context results in the development of the large number of diagnosis of Brucella melitensis brucellosis. The aim of this article is to briefly review the detection methods and compare the superiorities of different tests.

Keywords: Brucella melitensis; Brucella suis; Brucellosis; DNA detection systems; diagnosis method; small ruminant.