Iatrogenic orbital, cervicofacial, and mediastinal emphysema through endodontic crestal perforation

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineer, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
• ² Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Institute of Oral Medicine, Department of Dentistry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
• ³ Division of Endodontics, Department of Stomatology, Institute of Oral Medicine, Department of Dentistry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
• ⁴ Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
• ⁵ Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.