Nicardipine: When high dose nitrates fail in treating heart failure

Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Jul:45:681.e3-681.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.12.016. Epub 2020 Dec 13.

Abstract

Sympathetic Crashing Acute Pulmonary Edema (SCAPE) describes patients who present with acute hypertensive cardiogenic pulmonary edema. These patients present in respiratory distress, and requiring immediate medical and airway management. The treatment of SCAPE includes non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) to maintain oxygenation, and high dose nitrates to lower blood pressure and reduce afterload. We present a case report of a patient with refractory hypertension to high dose nitrates likely due to nitroglycerin resistance or an attenuated response. The addition of nicardipine led to marked clinical improvement, normalized blood pressure and spared the patient from endotracheal intubation and admission to the intensive care unit.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / administration & dosage*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension / etiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Nicardipine / administration & dosage*
  • Nitroglycerin / administration & dosage
  • Nitroglycerin / adverse effects
  • Pulmonary Edema / complications
  • Pulmonary Edema / drug therapy
  • Vasodilator Agents / administration & dosage
  • Vasodilator Agents / adverse effects

Substances

  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Vasodilator Agents
  • Nicardipine
  • Nitroglycerin