Pigmented Paravenous Chorioretinal Atrophy: Clinical Spectrum and Multimodal Imaging Characteristics

Am J Ophthalmol. 2021 Apr:224:120-132. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.12.010. Epub 2020 Dec 16.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the clinical findings and natural course of patients with pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy (PPCRA) using multimodal imaging.

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: We reviewed the records of consecutive patients diagnosed with PPCRA at a single center and assessed serial fundus photographs, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography images. Electrophysiological findings and visual field analysis were also reviewed.

Results: The study included 50 eyes in 25 patients. The mean age of the population was 51.6 ± 14.6 years. Nine patients (36.0%) were asymptomatic and 9 (36.0%) complained of nyctalopia. We divided fundus appearance into one of 3 groups: paravenous (58.0%), focal (16.0%), and confluent (26.0%). Of the 50 eyes, macular involvement was present in 13 eyes (26.0%). Fifteen patients (60.0%) demonstrated a symmetric fundus appearance, whereas 10 (40.0%) had marked asymmetry. Eight eyes (16.0%) exhibited apparent changes in fundus findings, over a mean follow-up period of 8.8 years. FAF imaging was most sensitive to evaluate the extent of lesions. Sixteen eyes (44.4%) showed progressive visual field loss during the follow-up period. Most patients maintained stable vision, and 36 eyes (72.0%) had a final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Nevertheless, some eyes with macular involvement experienced severe deterioration in vision. Electrophysiological data were variable, and interocular asymmetry was common (45.8%).

Conclusions: PPCRA can present with a more variable expressivity than previously described. Multimodal imaging can provide insights into its clinical characteristics to facilitate the diagnosis, classification, and follow-up of these patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Electroretinography
  • Epiretinal Membrane / diagnostic imaging
  • Epiretinal Membrane / pathology
  • Eye Diseases, Hereditary / diagnosis*
  • Eye Diseases, Hereditary / physiopathology
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multimodal Imaging
  • Optical Imaging
  • Retinal Degeneration / diagnosis*
  • Retinal Degeneration / physiopathology
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / diagnostic imaging
  • Retinal Pigment Epithelium / pathology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Vision Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Vision Disorders / physiopathology
  • Visual Acuity / physiology
  • Visual Field Tests
  • Visual Fields / physiology

Supplementary concepts

  • Pigmented Paravenous Chorioretinal Atrophy