A nontrivial differential diagnosis in COVID-19 pandemic: a case report and literary review of amiodarone-induced interstitial pneumonia

Future Cardiol. 2021 Sep;17(6):991-997. doi: 10.2217/fca-2020-0168. Epub 2020 Dec 17.

Abstract

Amiodarone is a drug commonly used to treat and prevent cardiac arrhythmias, but it is often associated with several adverse effects, the most serious of which is pulmonary toxicity. A 79-year-old man presented with respiratory failure due to interstitial pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The viral etiology was nevertheless excluded by repeated nasopharyngeal swabs and serological tests and the final diagnosis was amiodarone-induced organizing pneumonia. The clinical and computed tomography findings improved after amiodarone interruption and steroid therapy. Even during a pandemic, differential diagnosis should always be considered and pulmonary toxicity has to be taken into account in any patient taking amiodarone and who has new respiratory symptoms.

Keywords: COVID-19; amiodarone; coronavirus; differential diagnosis; drug toxicity; interstitial pneumonia; organizing pneumonia.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amiodarone / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / adverse effects*
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / chemically induced*
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnosis*
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Substances

  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Amiodarone