Improving understanding of the prognostic factors associated with death resulting from sepsis in obstetric patients is essential to allow management to be optimized. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the risk factors for death in patients with sepsis admitted to the obstetric intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital in northeastern Brazil between April 2012 and April 2016.The clinical, obstetric, and laboratory data of the sepsis patients, as well as data on their final outcome, were collected. A significance level of 5% was adopted. Risk factors for death in patients with sepsis were evaluated in a multivariate analysis.During the period analyzed, 155 patients with sepsis were identified and included in the study, representing 5.2% of all obstetric intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Of these, 14.2% (n = 22) died. The risk factors for death were septic shock at the time of hospitalization (relative risk [RR] = 3.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.64-7.25), need for vasopressors during hospitalization (RR = 17.32; 95% CI: 4.20-71.36), lactate levels >2 mmol/L at the time of diagnosis (RR = 4.60; 95% CI: 1.05-20.07), and sequential organ failure assessment score >2 at the time of diagnosis (RR = 5.97; 95% CI: 1.82-19.94). Following multiple logistic regression analysis, only the need for vasopressors during hospitalization remained as a risk factor associated with death (odds ratio [OR] = 26.38; 95% CI: 5.87-118.51).The need for vasopressors during hospitalization is associated with death in obstetric patients with sepsis.