Thymus atlanticus polyphenol-rich extract regulates cholesterol metabolism by inhibiting its biosynthesis without affecting its excretion in hamsters fed a high-fat diet

Arch Physiol Biochem. 2023 Jun;129(3):618-625. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1854308. Epub 2020 Dec 15.

Abstract

Context: Thymus atlanticus has been reported to have significant hypolipidaemic effect in animal models. However, the mechanism of this hypolipidaemic action still unknown.

Objective: To determinate the possible mechanism(s) of hypolipidaemic action of a Thymus atlanticus polyphenol-rich extract (PRE).

Materials and methods: Plasma, faecal, and liver cholesterol, bile acid content in the faeces, and gene expression level of HMG-CoA reductase, CYP7A1, ABCG5 and ABCG8 were analysed after 9 weeks in hamsters feeding normal diet, high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD supplemented with 400 mg/kg body weight/day of PRE.

Results: PRE significantly decreased total cholesterol content (p < .05) and HMG-CoA reductase expression (p < .05), but did not affect the faecal cholesterol, bile acid contents and CYP7A1 and ABCG5/G8 expression (p > .05).

Conclusion: We can conclude that the T. atlanticus extract is efficient in the alleviation of chronic hyperlipidaemia by acting as cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitor.

Keywords: ABCG5/8; Chronic hyperlipidaemia; HMG-CoA reductase; Hamsters; Thymus atlanticus.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anticholesteremic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Bile Acids and Salts / metabolism
  • Bile Acids and Salts / pharmacology
  • Cholesterol
  • Cricetinae
  • Diet, High-Fat* / adverse effects
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Polyphenols / metabolism
  • Polyphenols / pharmacology

Substances

  • Polyphenols
  • Cholesterol
  • Anticholesteremic Agents
  • Bile Acids and Salts