Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that is associated with poor outcomes. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and includes micro-RNA (miRNA) deregulation. The understanding of the role of miRNAs in PAH is expanding quickly, and it is increasingly difficult to identify which miRNAs have the highest translational potential. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNA expression in PAH, discusses the challenges in miRNA analysis and interpretation, and highlights 4 promising miRNAs in this field (miR-29, miR-124, miR-140, and miR-204).
Keywords: BMPR2, bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2; EPC, endothelial progenitor cell; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; HPAH, hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension; MCT, monocrotaline; PAAF, pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblast; PAEC, pulmonary artery endothelial cell; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells; PH, pulmonary hypertension; RV, right ventricle; SU/Hx/Nx, association of Sugen 5416 with chronic hypoxia followed by normoxia; WHO, World Health Organization; animal model; lncRNA, long noncoding RNA; mRNA, messenger RNA; miRNA, micro-RNA; micro-RNA; microarray; ncRNAs, noncoding RNAs; pulmonary arterial hypertension.
© 2020 The Authors.