[Complex management of type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with major bleeding tendency: two case report]

Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2020 Dec 1;78(6):639-646. doi: 10.1684/abc.2020.1603.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT 2) is a rare pro-thrombotic disorder occurring in patients treated with heparin. It is defined as a clinical-biological syndrome associating the sudden onset of a thrombocytopenia, characterized by a drop of more than 50% of the initial platelet count, and thrombosis. We report two cases of HIT 2 occurring in patients with major bleeding tendency. The first HIT occurred in a patient whose management, in accordance with current guidelines, made it possible to control the thrombocytopenia and the anticoagulation despite the complexity of adapting and monitoring treatments in the context of recent cerebral hemorrhage. The second refers to an autoimmune HIT, which occurred in a patient whose management required the use of alternative therapies to the standard treatments suggested for HIT 2, to correct the severe refractory thrombocytopenia.

Keywords: argatroban; auto-immune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; direct oral anticoagulant; intravenous immunoglobulin; platelet; type 2 heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • 4-Hydroxycoumarins / administration & dosage
  • Aged
  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects
  • Arginine / administration & dosage
  • Arginine / analogs & derivatives
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / complications
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / therapy*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Hemorrhage / prevention & control*
  • Heparin / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Indenes / administration & dosage
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / drug therapy
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / etiology
  • Intracranial Thrombosis / surgery
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurosurgical Procedures / methods
  • Pipecolic Acids / administration & dosage
  • Sulfonamides / administration & dosage
  • Thrombocytopenia / chemically induced*
  • Thrombocytopenia / therapy*
  • Vitamin K / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin K / antagonists & inhibitors

Substances

  • 4-Hydroxycoumarins
  • Anticoagulants
  • Indenes
  • Pipecolic Acids
  • Sulfonamides
  • antivitamins K
  • Vitamin K
  • Heparin
  • Arginine
  • argatroban