Structural Basis of Zika Virus Specific Neutralization in Subsequent Flavivirus Infections

Viruses. 2020 Nov 24;12(12):1346. doi: 10.3390/v12121346.

Abstract

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne human flavivirus that causes microcephaly and other neurological disorders, has been a recent focus for the development of flavivirus vaccines and therapeutics. We report here a 4.0 Å resolution structure of the mature ZIKV in complex with ADI-30056, a ZIKV-specific human monoclonal antibody (hMAb) isolated from a ZIKV infected donor with a prior dengue virus infection. The structure shows that the hMAb interactions span across the E protein dimers on the virus surface, inhibiting conformational changes required for the formation of infectious fusogenic trimers similar to the hMAb, ZIKV-117. Structure-based functional analysis, and structure and sequence comparisons, identified ZIKV residues essential for neutralization and crucial for the evolution of highly potent E protein crosslinking Abs in ZIKV. Thus, this epitope, ZIKV's "Achilles heel", defined by the contacts between ZIKV and ADI-30056, could be a suitable target for the design of therapeutic antibodies.

Keywords: Zika antibody structure; Zika–dengue co-infection; flavivirus neutralization; secondary flavivirus infection.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / immunology*
  • Antibodies, Viral / immunology*
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Coinfection*
  • Cross Reactions / immunology*
  • Dengue / immunology
  • Dengue Virus / immunology
  • Epitope Mapping
  • Epitopes / chemistry
  • Epitopes / immunology
  • Flavivirus / immunology*
  • Flavivirus Infections / immunology*
  • Flavivirus Infections / virology
  • Humans
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional
  • Models, Molecular
  • Neutralization Tests
  • Protein Conformation
  • Vero Cells
  • Zika Virus / immunology*
  • Zika Virus / ultrastructure
  • Zika Virus Infection / immunology*
  • Zika Virus Infection / virology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Epitopes